Black Athlete - 5745 Words

Legislating the Family: Heterosexist Bias in Social Welfare Policy Frameworks Amy Lind University of Virginia Studies in Women and Gender Program This article addresses the effects of heterosexist bias in social welfare policy frameworks on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals and families in the United States. It discusses the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), federal deï ¬ nitions of family and household, and stereotypes about LGBT individuals. It argues that poor LGBT individuals and families lack full citizen rights and access to needed social services as a result of these explicit and implicit biases. Key words: Welfare reform; family†¦show more content†¦Jones observe (2002: 15). In these ways, institutionalized heterosexuality is central to some of the key motivation(s) behind and design of public policy frameworks in the United States. By â€Å"institutionalized heterosexuality† I am referring to the set of ideas, institutions and relationships that make the heterosexual family the societal norm, while ren dering homosexual/queer families â€Å"abnormal† or â€Å"deviant† (Ingraham 1999). My queer analysis of social welfare involves examining how sexuality and gender can be rethought and reorganized in economic and social policy frameworks, theories and practices. Throughout the article I examine how heterosexuality is assumed to be the natural basis for deï ¬ ning the family, and by extension, society, both explicitly (by excluding LGBT people from the analysis and by stigmatizing certain individuals as â€Å"non-family† or â€Å"anti-family†) and implicitly (by assuming that all people are heterosexual, that marriage is a given and exists only between a traditionally-deï ¬ ned man and woman, and that all people ï ¬ t more or less into traditional gender roles; see Foucault 1978; Fraser and Gordon 1994; Ingraham 1999; Phelan 2001;Show MoreRelatedThe Bad Image Of Black Athlete1522 Words   |  7 PagesThe bad image of black athlete is one of the most important problems today. African American athletes are not that different from white athletes; however, media betrays a bad image of them for some unknown reasons. Our world is full of the great African-Americans who showed incredible result in professional sport. On one side, a lot of African-American athletes in the limelight right now come from nothing to somewhat. On the other side, there is a negative connotation that all African Americans haveRead MoreAfrican Ancestry : Black Athletes1458 Words   |  6 Pageshave been black athletes.(Rowan,2010) Of course, there are successful white athletes, but, overall, black dominance on the race track is very apparent. Athletes of African ancestry hold genetic advantages in the sport of running.Of the top 200 official times at the 100 meter dash, not one has been run by a white athlete. Only black sprinters have (officially) run under 10 seconds in the 100 meter dash.(Lindsey 2000) Every winner of the 100m since the inaugural event in 1983 has been black, as has everyRead MoreThe Bad Image Of Black Athlete1584 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract The bad image of black athlete is one of the most important problems today. African American athletes are not that different from white athletes; however, media portrays a bad image of them for some unknown reasons. Our world is full of the great African-Americans who showed incredible results in professional sports. On one side, a lot of African-American athletes in the limelight right now come from nothing to somewhat. On the other side, there is a negative connotation that all AfricanRead MoreEssay about Black Athletes in Society2262 Words   |  10 Pagesstudy reported that only 33% of Black male basketball players graduated, (Chronicle of Higher Education, 1999). Individually, basketball reported the lowest graduation rate in all divisions,† (Robinson, 2004:1). Basketball players have become so idolized in the eyes of young Black male basketball athletes, that the value of education appear to be less important in the development of these young men, â€Å"According to Sa iles (1997), there is an over-representation of Black males in particular sports andRead MoreBlack Athletes Graduation Rates Weak1839 Words   |  8 PagesMajor collegiate athletics programs are able to generate millions of dollars for their institutions, but are not able to show any evidence of successfully graduating their black male athletes that contribute to their success in generating those millions of dollars. These universities in turn, are failing these student athletes whom were promised that they would nurture them intellectually as well as athletically. A four year report published by the University of Pennsylvanias Graduate School ofRead MoreRacial Tensiona and Low Expectation on Black Athletes in Football1205 Words   |  5 PagesIn Odessa, an oil-rich town in West Texas, there is a line that separates the two races of blacks and whites. They called it â€Å"the American version of the Berlin Wall – the railroad tracks that inevitably ran through the heart of town† (Bissinger 91). The tracks are the symbol of the barrier, tension, and attitude that stand between the two races. To the Odessan whites, African Americans are often considered extraneous, with few hopes and dreams to follow. It is also a common part of everyday languageRead MoreRacism And The Black Athlete Essay1483 Words   |  6 Pagesin the form of the black athlete in the major conferences of the NCAA. In this paper, I will be breaking down: the systemic institution of the NCAA, the generational racism the black athlete faces and the intuitional racism faced on campus to prove the existence of modern day apartheid. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) is a non- profit association which regulates college athletics. The NCAA is member- led and is dedicated to the success of the college athlete. The members of theRead MoreBlack Female Athletes Have Been Stereotyped Ever Since The 19th Century1174 Words   |  5 PagesBlack male athletes have been stereotyped ever since the 19th century. Since Jackie Robinson’s venture into professional baseball in 1952, there has been a constant debate on the subject of the athletically superior, but intellectually inferior Black Male athlete. These black males were forever delineated as inferior to their white counterparts. As a matter of fact from the very beginning of man kind’s civilization process his established societies all over the world have sought ways to glorifyRead MoreAfrican American And Black Athletes895 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican and black athletes being portrayed as beast like, unintelligent, emotional, dominat ing, violent, and brutal. The specific sport of focus is the NBA. Black athletes are portrayed as beast and animal like in media images like poster, magazine covers, tee shirts, and game freeze frames. Black players have made many strides in the NBA, nearly 75% of NBA players are black, while only 23% of players are white (The 2015 Racial and Gender Report Card). Although there are many black players the mediaRead MoreExamples Of Five Richest Black Athletes And Their Net Worth1059 Words   |  5 Pages5 Richest Black Athletes and their Net Worth Keyword: Richest Black Athletes The richest athletes in the world have more than just agility and speed some of them also have the business savvy to earn and maintain the highest net worth in the sports industry. In fact, some of the richest athletes don’t make most of their money dribbling or kicking a ball; a bulk of their income actually comes from endorsements, investments, business ventures and more. Tiger Woods Net Worth: $700 Million Despite a headline-grabbing